Social Norms

The word ‘norm’ refers to standards or patterns, and it can be used in a variety of contexts. Social scientists study behaviour, and therefore when discussing norms in social science, they are referred to as social norms. ‘Social norms’ refer to expected patterns of behaviour in particular situations and may vary by culture and change over time. For instance, it would be expected that brides in Canadian culture would wear white on their wedding day. However, the social norm in China would be for a bride to wear a red gown. In Canadian society today, communication norms have changed, and texting has become more socially acceptable. If you were to communicate with someone, the social norm indicates that you would likely text before picking up the phone to make a call.

Social Roles

Roles are the proper or customary functions that a person or institution performs. Social roles can refer to our duties and responsibilities or positions we hold in society. We all have many different roles in life. For instance, you are a student, but perhaps you are also an employee, a member of a religious faith, or a player on a sports team. You also have unique duties and responsibilities that you uphold for each of the roles you play. For example, a coach is a role. Coaches set up a practice schedule for players, communicate with parents, and assist athletes in developing their skills.  Parenting is another role that has many responsibilities. Parents must feed and clothe their children, provide discipline, as well as provide love and guidance.

Social norms and roles all help us to understand society and how we should behave. Check your understanding of social roles and norms by completing the activity below.

Social Institutions

Social institutions are used to describe groups of people who are banded together for a common goal or purpose. That purpose generally involves giving members rights and privileges. In society, there are many different social institutions that help ensure that things run smoothly.

There are many social institutions necessary to make society function and run well. The political system, justice system, and educational system, and family, economy and religion are all examples of social institutions. They each have a unique function. For instance, the justice system functions to uphold laws and order in society. It is composed of courts, judges, and police.

Institutions in Canada

Complete the quiz below to see if you can match each institution with an example, then match the institution with its function in society.

As you progress in this course, you will continue to learn about how society’s norms, roles and social institutions have an effect on people throughout life.

This class can be considered our own little society or community. As such, there are some specific expectations for behaviour that you must consider.

In a Virtual Society, Please Be Mindful

While you are always encouraged to have your own viewpoint, it is crucial to be able to articulate your thoughts and opinions in a way that is respectful of others, especially when they are sharing their own experiences or beliefs. It is also important to remain open-minded to the possibility that your opinions may be influenced and may perhaps change.

If you are replying to a comment on a sensitive topic, be sure to consider the content of your response. If there is anything that could be misconstrued by your classmates or your teacher as being offensive or contentious, try to communicate your thoughts in a different way. Remember that this course is still governed by rules set by your school and school board – there are expectations for respect and the fair treatment of others.